Cybersecurity Law

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China Briefing › China Cybersecurity Law Amendment in Effect January 1, 2026

The amendment boosts AI support, tightens compliance, and raises penalties for a range of violations.

Cybersecurity Law of the People’s Republic of China
中华人民共和国网络安全法

[Current Text: Chinese, English]

(adopted Nov. 7, 2016, effective June 1, 2017; amended Oct. 28, 2025, effective Jan. 1, 2026)

• Status: Amendment passed
• Legislative Body (Vote): NPCSC (N/A)
• Principal Drafters: ☭ Office of the Central Cyberspace Affairs Commission (OCCAC) & NPCSC Legislative Affairs Commission
• Submitter: Council of Chairpersons
• Legislative Plans
  • Five-year: 14^th NPCSC Category I
  • Annual: 2024, 2025
• Legislative History & Text
  • NPCSC deliberation – round #2 (final): Oct. 24–28, 2025 (Chinese only · 🆚)
  • NPCSC deliberation – round #1: Sept. 8–12, 2025 (Chinese only · 🆚) 💬
    • Public consultation: Sept. 12–Oct. 11, 2025
  • OCCAC public consultation – round #2: Mar. 28 – Apr. 27, 2025 (Chinese only · 🆚) ✍️
  • OCCAC public consultation – round #1: Sept. 12 – 29, 2022 (Chinese, English 🆚)
• Legislative Records
  • Explanation (Sept. 8, 2025)
  • Report on Results of Deliberation (Oct. 24, 2025)
  • Report on Suggestions for Revision (Oct. 27, 2025)
  • Presidential Order (Oct. 28, 2025)

NPC Observer Coverage

• NPCSC Session Watch: Cybersecurity, Environmental Tax, Bankruptcy, Arbitration & Mandarin Chinese Promotion (Aug. 26, 2025)

Last updated: April 17, 2026, 21:54 EDT